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Hypoplastic constitutive modeling of wetting deformation of weathered rockfill materials

Erich BAUER, Zhongzhi FU, Sihong LIU,

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 1,   Pages 78-91 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0011-8

Abstract: The wetting deformation of weathered rockfill materials has been attracting growing attention from both

Keywords： rockfill dams     weathered granular materials     hypoplasticity     solid hardness     creep     stress relaxation    

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Mesoscopic properties of dense granular materials: An overview

Qicheng SUN, Feng JIN, Guohua ZHANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 1,   Pages 1-12 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0184-z

Abstract: A granular material is a conglomeration of discrete solid particles.The current theory is that the mesoscale characteristics define the key differences between granularmaterials and homogeneous solid materials.Widespread interest in granular materials has arisen among physicists, and significant progress has beenA multiscale framework is then proposed for dense granular materials.

Keywords： granular matter     macroscopic structure     jamming phase transition    

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Development of a constitutive model for rockfills and similar granular materials based on the disturbed

Mehdi VEISKARAMI, Ali GHORBANI, Mohammadreza ALAVIPOUR

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 365-378 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0178-2

Abstract: It was found that both the stress level and the shear stress ratio, like most of granular materials,controls the behavior of rockfill materials.

Keywords： constitutive model     granular material     rockfill     plasticity     disturbed state concept     stress level    

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Two-scale modeling of granular materials: A FEM-FEM approach

Yun-Zhu CAI, Yu-Ching WU

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 304-315 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0213-y

Abstract: homogenization-based two-scale FEM-FEM model is developed to simulate compactions of visco-plastic granularThe granular structure consisting of two-dimensional grains is modeled by the microscopic finite elementThe method could be used in a variety of problems that can be represented using granular media.

Keywords： homogenization     two-scale     representative volume element     compaction     granular assembly     finite element method    

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Multi-scale investigation of active failure for various modes of wall movement

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 4,   Pages 961-979 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0738-4

Abstract: Retained backfill response to wall movement depends on factors that range from boundary conditions to the geometrical characteristic of individual particles. Hence, mechanical understanding of the problem warrants multi-scale analyses that investigate reciprocal relationships between macro and micro effects. Accordingly, this study attempts a multi-scale examination of failure evolution in cohesionless backfills. Therefore, the transition of retained backfills from at-rest condition to the active state is modeled using the discrete element method (DEM). DEM allows conducting virtual experiments, with which the variation of particle and boundary properties is straightforward. Hence, various modes of wall movement (translation and rotation) toward the active state are modeled using two different backfills with distinct particle shapes (spherical and nonspherical) under varying surcharge. For each model, cumulative rotations of single particles are tracked, and the results are used to analyze the evolution of shear bands and their geometric characteristics. Moreover, dependencies of lateral pressure coefficients and coordination numbers, as respective macro and micro behavior indicators, on particle shape, boundary conditions, and surcharge levels are investigated. Additionally, contact force networks are visually determined, and their influences on pressure distribution and deformation mechanisms are discussed with reference to the associated modes of wall movement and particle shapes.

Keywords： discrete-element modelling     granular materials     retaining walls     particle shape     arching    

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Application of granular solid hydrodynamics to a well-graded unbound granular material undergoing triaxial

Shixiong SONG, Qicheng SUN, Feng JIN, Chuhan ZHANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 1,   Pages 83-88 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0148-8

Abstract: Unbound granular materials (UGMs) are widely used as a base or a subbase in pavement construction.are generally well graded and exhibit a higher peak strength than that of conventional cohesionless granularmaterials.By using a simplified version of granular solid hydrodynamics (GSH), a set of GSH material constantsThe results indicate that the GSH theory is able to describe such a special type of granular materials

Keywords： granular solid hydrodynamics     unbound granular material (UGM)     triaxial tests    

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Structural design and mechanical responses of closely spaced super-span double tunnels in strongly weathered

Jiaxin HE; Shaohui HE; Xiabing LIU; Jinlei ZHENG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6,   Pages 685-703 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0824-2

Abstract: This paper presents a study of closely spaced double tunnels in Taizhou, China. One is Xiabei Mountain No. 2 four-line super-span high-speed railway tunnel (HRT), and the other is Xiabei Mountain double-line large-span subway tunnel (ST). The excavation spans of HRT and ST are 26.3 and 14 m, respectively. The two tunnels are located at different levels, and their separating distance is 17.2 m. Due to the short construction period, the HRT excavation was completed earlier than ST. The structural design of the HRT, taking account of the disturbance by the ST construction, was analyzed by a numerical simulation. It was found that the “yielding principle” design was more feasible than the “resistance principle” design when considering the safety and durability of the HRT secondary lining. The mechanical responses of the HRT during ST construction were comprehensively monitored and analyzed, including the vault settlement, horizontal convergence, surrounding rock pressure, and the internal stress in shotcrete and steel arch. Results show that the longitudinal influence range of the ST construction on the HRT was approximately 0.6–1.1 times the ST outer diameter; the disturbance was mainly generated in the ST upper bench excavation; and the final axial force of the HRT shotcrete was approximately 9–16 times that of the steel arch, which indicated that the shotcrete was the main bearing structure. The safety status of the HRT was assessed based on the monitoring data, and the minimum safety factors of the HRT shotcrete and steel arch were 1.61 and 1.89, respectively. Parametric studies were performed to show how the lining stress of HRT was affected by the relative angle, pillar width, ST excavation method and excavation footage. Finally, the design and construction optimization were proposed according to the monitoring data and parameter analysis results. This study might provide practical reference for similar projects.

Keywords： double tunnels     super-span     structural design     mechanical response     numerical simulation     field monitoring    

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Effects of shear force on formation and properties of anoxic granular sludge in SBR

Xinyan ZHANG, Binbin WANG, Qingqing HAN, Hongmei ZHAO, Dangcong PENG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 6,   Pages 896-905 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0539-7

Abstract: This paper reports the effects of shear force on anoxic granular sludge in sequencing batch reactorsanoxic granules in the SBR in order to investigate the effects of shear force on the formation of anoxic granulargranules with smaller diameters, high density and good settling ability were formed in the reactor, and 2) granularshear force, such as was applied in SBR1, this research demonstrated that: 1) the activity of anoxic granular

Keywords： denitrification     anoxic granular sludge     sequencing batch reactors (SBR)     shear force    

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Force fluctuations in sheared granular disks

Mingbo YUAN, Qicheng SUN, Feng JIN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 1,   Pages 46-49 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0189-7

Abstract: The internal structure established within granular materials, often observed as force chains, is dominantThese results help reveal the structure and mechanics of granular materials, and further investigations

Keywords： granular matter     force chain     stick and slip    

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Visualization of force networks in 2D dense granular materials

Jianguo LIU, Qicheng SUN, Feng JIN,

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 1,   Pages 109-115 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0003-8

Abstract: Dense granular matter is a conglomeration of discrete solid and closely packed particles.photoelastic technique was improved for determining stresses and strains in the assemblies of photoelastic granular

Keywords： granular matter     force chain     multiscale modeling    

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Buffer capacity of granular matter to impact of spherical projectile based on discrete element method

Ying YAN, Pengfei LI, Shunying JI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 1,   Pages 50-54 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0186-x

Abstract: Granular matter possesses impact-absorbing property due to its energy dissipation character.To investigate the impact-absorbing capacity of granular matter, the discrete element method (DEM) isadopted to simulate the impact of a spherical projectile on to a granular bed.The dynamic responses of the projectile are obtained for both thin and thick granular bed.Determining a suitable bed thickness is crucial to the buffering effect of granular matter.

Keywords： granular matter     impact peak     buffer capacity     discrete element method     critical thickness    

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Concept and application of anaerobic suspended granular sludge bed (SGSB) reactor for wastewater treatment

Mingxia ZHENG,Zhong YAN,Jiane ZUO,Kaijun WANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 5,   Pages 797-804 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0597-x

Abstract: An analysis of the flow pattern of expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors shows that most EGSBA high-rate anaerobic suspended granular sludge bed (SGSB) reactor was then developed.

Keywords： expansion characteristic     high-rate bioreactor     anaerobic suspended granular sludge bed     expanded granular    

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Methanogenic community structure in simultaneous methanogenesis and denitrification granular sludge

Yujiao Sun, Juanjuan Zhao, Lili Chen, Yueqiao Liu, Jiane Zuo

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1067-2

Abstract:

• UASB with SMD granules was operated with high removal efficiency of COD and NO3--N.

• Methanosaetaceae was absolute predominant methanogen in SMD granules.

• The methanogen quantity and activity decreased as C/N decreased from 20:1 to 5:1.

• Bacterial community succession happened with C/N decreasing.

Keywords： Simultaneous methanogenesis and denitrification (SMD)     Methanogens     Community structure     Diversity index     Granular    

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A miniature triaxial apparatus for investigating the micromechanics of granular soils with

Zhuang CHENG, Jianfeng WANG, Matthew Richard COOP, Guanlin YE

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 2,   Pages 357-373 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0599-2

Abstract: techniques, this apparatus can be used for investigation of the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granularX-ray μCT imaging techniques, is a powerful tool to investigate the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular

Keywords： triaxial apparatus     X-ray μCT     in situ test     micro-scale mechanical behavior     granular soils    

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Fluorescence spectroscopic studies of the effect of granular activated carbon adsorption on structural

Shuang XUE, Qingliang ZHAO, Liangliang WEI, Xiujuan HUI, Xiping MA, Yingzi LIN

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 6,   Pages 784-796 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0436-5

Abstract: This work investigated the effect of granular activated carbon adsorption (GACA) on fluorescence characteristicsResults showed that fluorescent materials in HPO–N and TPI–N were less readily removed than those inThe relative content of fluorescent materials in HPO–A, TPI–A and HPI decreased whereas that in HPO–N

Keywords： granular activated carbon adsorption     dissolved organic matter     fractionation     fluorescence    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Hypoplastic constitutive modeling of wetting deformation of weathered rockfill materials

Erich BAUER, Zhongzhi FU, Sihong LIU,

Journal Article

Mesoscopic properties of dense granular materials: An overview

Qicheng SUN, Feng JIN, Guohua ZHANG

Journal Article

Development of a constitutive model for rockfills and similar granular materials based on the disturbed

Mehdi VEISKARAMI, Ali GHORBANI, Mohammadreza ALAVIPOUR

Journal Article

Two-scale modeling of granular materials: A FEM-FEM approach

Yun-Zhu CAI, Yu-Ching WU

Journal Article

Multi-scale investigation of active failure for various modes of wall movement

Journal Article

Application of granular solid hydrodynamics to a well-graded unbound granular material undergoing triaxial

Shixiong SONG, Qicheng SUN, Feng JIN, Chuhan ZHANG

Journal Article

Structural design and mechanical responses of closely spaced super-span double tunnels in strongly weathered

Jiaxin HE; Shaohui HE; Xiabing LIU; Jinlei ZHENG

Journal Article

Effects of shear force on formation and properties of anoxic granular sludge in SBR

Xinyan ZHANG, Binbin WANG, Qingqing HAN, Hongmei ZHAO, Dangcong PENG

Journal Article

Force fluctuations in sheared granular disks

Mingbo YUAN, Qicheng SUN, Feng JIN

Journal Article

Visualization of force networks in 2D dense granular materials

Jianguo LIU, Qicheng SUN, Feng JIN,

Journal Article

Buffer capacity of granular matter to impact of spherical projectile based on discrete element method

Ying YAN, Pengfei LI, Shunying JI

Journal Article

Concept and application of anaerobic suspended granular sludge bed (SGSB) reactor for wastewater treatment

Mingxia ZHENG,Zhong YAN,Jiane ZUO,Kaijun WANG

Journal Article

Methanogenic community structure in simultaneous methanogenesis and denitrification granular sludge

Yujiao Sun, Juanjuan Zhao, Lili Chen, Yueqiao Liu, Jiane Zuo

Journal Article

A miniature triaxial apparatus for investigating the micromechanics of granular soils with

Zhuang CHENG, Jianfeng WANG, Matthew Richard COOP, Guanlin YE

Journal Article

Fluorescence spectroscopic studies of the effect of granular activated carbon adsorption on structural

Shuang XUE, Qingliang ZHAO, Liangliang WEI, Xiujuan HUI, Xiping MA, Yingzi LIN

Journal Article